What condition occurs when there is insufficient glucose and the liver cannot metabolize lipids?

The condition that occurs when there is insufficient glucose and the liver cannot metabolize lipids is ketosis. Ketosis is a metabolic state in which the body, lacking glucose for energy, begins to break down stored fats into ketones, which can be used as an alternative energy source. This typically happens during periods of fasting, strict carbohydrate restriction, or uncontrolled diabetes, where the body's supply of glucose is depleted.

In ketosis, the liver's inability to fully metabolize lipids leads to an increased production of ketones. This state can also arise under conditions where insulin levels are low and fat stores are mobilized quickly, usually when carbohydrate intake is significantly reduced. This pathway is crucial for the body's adaptation to periods of low carbohydrate availability.

Understanding the mechanisms of ketosis helps in recognizing various dietary and metabolic conditions, especially for individuals following low-carb diets or managing diabetes.